Botto L D, Mastroiacovo P
Servizio di Epidemiologia e Clinica dei Difetti Congeniti, Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Rome, Italy.
Ann Ist Super Sanita. 1993;29(1):105-14.
Congenital heart defects (CHD) are a frequent cause of death and disability and cause a significant toll in terms of personal distress and social costs. The only satisfactory way of reducing this burden is through primary prevention, which in turn can be implemented only when the cause and mechanism of these defects is known. While current knowledge on the impact on the population and on the etiology and pathogenesis of CHD is still largely unsatisfactory, some progress has been made in recent times and promising research is currently being performed; these topics are discussed in this paper, with special emphasis on quantitative risk assessment of putative cardiac teratogens.
先天性心脏缺陷（CHD）是导致死亡和残疾的常见原因，在个人痛苦和社会成本方面造成了巨大损失。减轻这一负担的唯一令人满意的方法是通过一级预防，而这只有在了解这些缺陷的原因和机制时才能实施。虽然目前关于CHD对人群的影响以及病因和发病机制的知识在很大程度上仍不尽人意，但近年来已取得了一些进展，目前正在进行有前景的研究；本文将讨论这些主题，特别强调对假定的心脏致畸剂进行定量风险评估。
