Kitamura T, Shima S, Sugawara M, Toda M A
National Institute of Mental Health, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Japan.
Psychol Med. 1993 Nov;23(4):967-75. doi: 10.1017/s003329170002643x.
One hundred and twenty women recruited from attenders at the antenatal clinic of the Obstetrics Department of a general hospital were asked to complete ad hoc questionnaires during pregnancy; they were then interviewed by psychiatrists using a structured diagnostic interview, the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (SADS). Nineteen (16%) women were identified as having an onset of an affective disorder during the period of pregnancy, mainly (68%) during the first trimester. As compared with the women without any such onset (controls), the women with pregnancy-related affective disorder (PRAD) were characterized by (1) it being their first pregnancy or first delivery with past termination of pregnancy, (2) early loss of either parent by death, (3) high Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) Neuroticism (N) and Psychoticism (P) scores, (4) living in a flat with either a plan to stay there after the forthcoming childbirth or an expectation that their accommodation would be crowded, and (5) negative response to the news of the pregnancy by the husband with low intimacy. The effects of these factors were additive since the probability of developing a PRAD episode was highly correlated with the number of factors reported.
从一家综合医院妇产科产前诊所的就诊者中招募了120名女性，要求她们在孕期填写专门设计的问卷；随后精神科医生使用结构化诊断访谈工具《情感障碍与精神分裂症量表》（SADS）对她们进行访谈。19名（16%）女性被确定在孕期出现情感障碍发作，主要发作时间（68%）在孕早期。与未出现此类发作的女性（对照组）相比，患有与妊娠相关情感障碍（PRAD）的女性具有以下特征：（1）此次为首次怀孕或首次分娩，既往有过终止妊娠史；（2）早年父母一方死亡；（3）艾森克人格问卷（EPQ）中神经质（N）和精神质（P）得分较高；（4）居住在公寓中，且有在即将分娩后继续居住在此的计划或预期居住空间会很拥挤；（5）丈夫对怀孕消息反应消极，夫妻关系亲密度低。这些因素的影响具有累加性，因为发生PRAD发作的概率与所报告的因素数量高度相关。
