Germán C, Heierle C, Zunzunegui M V, Contreras E, Blanco P, Ruiz E, Salas A
Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública, Granada.
Aten Primaria. 1994 Jan;13(1):3-7.
To evaluate the efficacy of a self-care hypertension programme within primary care.
Two models of intervention by means of self-care were compared, both using individual education and family support, with one of them using group education.
All those attending 10 health centres in Andalucía and who had a recent diagnosis of light or moderate Hypertension or with their hypertension not monitored over the preceding 6 months, were included.
These 160 people were assigned at random to the intervention group (group education) or the control group (individual education). Data analysis provided the results for the 95 people who completed the study. Both systolic and diastolic arterial pressure (SAP and DAP) diminished significantly during the study period, both in the sample as a whole and in the intervention group. However, the lessening of systolic pressure only reached statistically significant differences in the control group. Over the study period, the lessening of SAP was 6.2 in the intervention group and 8.0 in the control group; whereas the lessening of DAP was 7.0 in the intervention group and 2.3 in the control group.
Arterial hypertension can be controlled in primary care by health education for self-care. On the basis of this study's findings, it is not valid to conclude that group is more efficacious than individual education.
评估基层医疗中自我护理高血压项目的疗效。
比较两种自我护理干预模式，均采用个体教育和家庭支持，其中一种采用小组教育。
纳入所有在安达卢西亚10个健康中心就诊且近期被诊断为轻度或中度高血压或在过去6个月内未监测高血压的患者。
这160人被随机分配到干预组（小组教育）或对照组（个体教育）。数据分析得出了95名完成研究的患者的结果。在研究期间，无论是整个样本还是干预组，收缩压和舒张压（SAP和DAP）均显著降低。然而，收缩压的降低仅在对照组中达到统计学显著差异。在研究期间，干预组SAP的降低为6.2，对照组为8.0；而干预组DAP的降低为7.0，对照组为2.3。
通过自我护理健康教育可在基层医疗中控制动脉高血压。基于本研究结果，得出小组教育比个体教育更有效的结论是无效的。
