Green R M, Gert B, Clouser K D
Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755.
J Med Philos. 1993 Oct;18(5):477-89. doi: 10.1093/jmp/18.5.477.
Two years ago in two articles in a thematic issue of this journal the three of us engaged in a critique of principlism. In a subsequent issue, B. Andrew Lustig defended aspects of principlism we had criticized and argued against our own account of morality. Our reply to Lustig's critique is also in two parts, corresponding with his own. Our first part shows how Lustig's criticisms are seriously misdirected. Our second and philosophically more important part picks up on Lustig's challenge to us to show that our account of mortality is more adequate than principlism. In particular we show that recognition of mortality as public and systematic enables us to provide a far better description of morality than does principlism. This explains why we adopt the label "Dartmouth Descriptivism."
两年前,在本期刊一期专题中的两篇文章里,我们三人对原则主义进行了批判。在随后的一期中,B. 安德鲁·卢斯蒂格为我们所批判的原则主义的某些方面进行了辩护,并对我们自己的道德观提出了异议。我们对卢斯蒂格批判的回应也分两部分,与他的回应相对应。我们的第一部分展示了卢斯蒂格的批评是如何严重地偏离了方向。我们第二部分也是在哲学层面更为重要的部分,回应了卢斯蒂格对我们的挑战,即证明我们的道德观比原则主义更恰当。特别是,我们表明,认识到道德是公共的和系统的,使我们能够对道德做出比原则主义更好得多的描述。这就解释了我们为何采用“达特茅斯描述主义”这一标签。