Colenbrander B, Feitsma H, Grooten H J
Cooperative Pig AI-Centre, Vught, The Netherlands.
J Reprod Fertil Suppl. 1993;48:207-15.
Efficient production of high quality semen is of major importance to artificial insemination (AI) organizations. The semen produced should be free of contagious organisms, be of high quality, have good storage properties, fertilizing capacity and be of high genetic value. The best approach to prevent the spreading of microorganisms via semen in the process of AI is to collect semen from boars free from specific diseases, for example pseudorabies virus or leptospirosis. Antibiotics are added to the semen to suppress proliferation of microorganisms or even reduce their number. Sperm production is influenced by many factors such as season, collection frequency, breed and age. The average number of sperm cells produced per boar per week can vary more than 30% within one AI station, depending on the breed. Boar selection and boar management markedly influence the efficiency of sperm production. Sperm quality should be evaluated by fertility results obtained at breeding farms related to both farrowing rate and litter size to ensure a good quality monitoring system. A quality control system should be established to provide maximum reliability to customers.
高效生产高质量精液对人工授精（AI）机构至关重要。所生产的精液应无传染性生物，质量高，具有良好的储存特性、受精能力且具有高遗传价值。在人工授精过程中，防止微生物通过精液传播的最佳方法是从无特定疾病（如伪狂犬病病毒或钩端螺旋体病）的公猪采集精液。向精液中添加抗生素以抑制微生物增殖甚至减少其数量。精子产量受季节、采精频率、品种和年龄等多种因素影响。在一个人工授精站，每头公猪每周产生的精子细胞平均数量根据品种不同可相差超过30%。公猪的选择和管理对精子生产效率有显著影响。应通过繁殖场的繁殖结果（包括产仔率和窝产仔数）来评估精子质量，以确保良好的质量监测系统。应建立质量控制体系，为客户提供最大程度的可靠性。
