Larson W L, Faubert J
Ecole d'Optométrie, Université de Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Optom Vis Sci. 1994 Jan;71(1):38-42. doi: 10.1097/00006324-199401000-00008.
The latency of adaptation of the human vergence system to a change in convergence or divergence forced upon it by a prism was investigated in this pilot study.
Adaptation was stimulated by a 5-s period of binocular vision through a prism of 0 delta, -8 delta, or 8 delta. Immediately thereafter and for a further period of 45 s, lateral heterophoria was monitored subjectively by an automated version of Duane's screen and parallax test. Adaptation was calculated from the phoria 40 s after the end of binocular vision. Tests were performed at 0.4 m. In the first test session, there was screening during the binocular period to test for flaws in the screening method. In the second session, there was no screening during the binocular period and phoria measurement was started without changing the power of the prism. In the third session, the prism was restored to 0 delta after the period of binocular vision. Immediately after the last 5-s test, tests were repeated with 1 s of binocular vision. The subject had excellent visual acuity, stereoacuity, and stereolatency.
The test functioned correctly and showed good repeatability. The greatest adaptation to 8 delta was 59%. This was obtained with only 1 s of binocular vision. There was adaptation to -8 delta with 5 s of binocular vision but it was obscured by adaptation to 0 delta or 8 delta which persisted from previous tests.
The reason why the subject's latency was not found more precisely is explained. Additional evidence is presented in support of the finding that prism adaptation can take place within 1 s (perhaps less) of binocular vision, and the persistence and dominance of adaptation to base-out prism at near is pointed out. Guidelines are proposed for the experimental measurement of prism adaptation latency.
在这项初步研究中，对人类双眼视系统适应棱镜强加于其上的集合或散开变化的潜伏期进行了研究。
通过0棱镜度、-8棱镜度或8棱镜度的棱镜进行5秒的双眼视觉来刺激适应。此后立即并在接下来的45秒内，通过自动版杜安屏和视差测试主观监测水平隐斜。适应度根据双眼视觉结束后40秒的隐斜计算得出。测试在0.4米处进行。在第一次测试环节，在双眼视觉期间进行筛查以检测筛查方法中的缺陷。在第二次环节，双眼视觉期间不进行筛查，且在不改变棱镜度数的情况下开始隐斜测量。在第三次环节，双眼视觉期结束后将棱镜恢复到0棱镜度。在最后一次5秒测试后立即重复测试，双眼视觉时间为1秒。受试者具有极佳的视力、立体视敏度和立体视潜伏期。
测试运行正常且具有良好的可重复性。对8棱镜度的最大适应度为59%。这仅通过1秒的双眼视觉就可获得。通过5秒的双眼视觉可观察到对-8棱镜度的适应，但它被来自先前测试中对0棱镜度或8棱镜度的持续适应所掩盖。
解释了为何未更精确地发现受试者潜伏期的原因。提供了额外证据来支持棱镜适应可在双眼视觉1秒（可能更短）内发生这一发现，并指出了在近距离对底向外棱镜适应的持续性和主导性。提出了棱镜适应潜伏期实验测量的指导原则。
