Edwards H M, Elliot M A, Sooncharernying S, Britton W M
Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens 30602.
Poult Sci. 1994 Feb;73(2):288-94. doi: 10.3382/ps.0730288.
Studies were conducted to determine the basic requirement of the bird for cholecalciferol in the absence of ultraviolet light by utilizing filter sleeves on fluorescent lights in the room and brooder. In Experiment 1, some pens were fitted with filter tubes and some lights were turned off. All the birds received a cholecalciferol-deficient diet. Birds with ultraviolet light excluded grew slowly, developed rickets (95%), had low plasma calcium, and low bone ash (27%); whereas birds exposed to the fluorescent light had normal growth and plasma calcium, slightly low bone ash (38%), and some rickets (12%). Experiments 2 and 3 were conducted to determine the amount of cholecalciferol that must be added to the diet under conditions in which ultraviolet light was excluded. In Experiment 2, the highest level of cholecalciferol fed was 400 ICU/kg. This level was not sufficient to permit the chickens to have weight gain or bone ash equal to the birds receiving the ultraviolet light. The birds receiving 400 ICU/kg of diet also had a 77% incidence of rickets compared with 20% for the birds receiving ultraviolet lights. In Experiment 3, when birds received 800 or 1,600 ICU/kg of cholecalciferol in the diet, they grew and were comparable to those receiving ultraviolet light for the criteria measured.
通过在房间和育雏器的荧光灯上使用滤光套筒，进行了多项研究，以确定在无紫外线的情况下禽类对胆钙化醇的基本需求。在实验1中，一些围栏安装了滤光管，一些灯被关闭。所有禽类都喂食缺乏胆钙化醇的饲料。被排除在紫外线照射之外的禽类生长缓慢，出现佝偻病（95%），血浆钙含量低，骨灰分低（27%）；而暴露在荧光灯下的禽类生长正常，血浆钙正常，骨灰分略低（38%），有一些佝偻病（12%）。进行实验2和3以确定在排除紫外线的条件下必须添加到饲料中的胆钙化醇量。在实验2中，喂食的胆钙化醇最高水平为400国际雏鸡单位/千克。这一水平不足以使鸡的体重增加或骨灰分与接受紫外线照射的鸡相同。与接受紫外线照射的鸡20%的佝偻病发病率相比，接受400国际雏鸡单位/千克饲料的鸡佝偻病发病率为77%。在实验3中，当禽类在饲料中接受800或1600国际雏鸡单位/千克的胆钙化醇时，它们的生长情况与接受紫外线照射的禽类在所测量的标准方面相当。
