Veltro F, Magliano L, Lobrace S, Morosini P L
Psychiatric Institute, First Medical School, University of Naples, Italy.
Int J Soc Psychiatry. 1993 Winter;39(4):285-302. doi: 10.1177/002076409303900405.
The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of epidemiological, clinical and psychosocial characteristics of patients needing long-term treatment. The data concerned the following aspects: prevalence and incidence from the five best-established Italian psychiatric case registers; needs for care; psychosocial and clinical outcome as assessed by means of follow-up studies; social disability and relatives' perceived burden. The one-year prevalence rate of "long-term users" is consistent in Northern Italy, higher in Middle Italy and lower in Southern Italy. The incidence rate was found to be around 4 per 100,000. Even in a community oriented mental health service, users' needs for care are only partially met. A good psychosocial outcome was found associated with the use of social and/or vocational skills training, while the average number of days per year of hospitalization in a psychiatric department was found associated with poor outcome. A moderate degree of social disability was found among patients needing long-term treatment. The resulting family burden presented to a marked or very marked degree in more than 50% of the relatives.
本文旨在概述需要长期治疗的患者的流行病学、临床和心理社会特征。数据涉及以下几个方面：来自意大利五个最完善的精神病病例登记处的患病率和发病率；护理需求；通过随访研究评估的心理社会和临床结果；社会残疾以及亲属感知到的负担。“长期使用者”的一年患病率在意大利北部保持一致，在意大利中部较高，在意大利南部较低。发病率约为每10万人中有4例。即使在以社区为导向的心理健康服务中，使用者的护理需求也仅得到部分满足。研究发现，良好的心理社会结果与使用社会和/或职业技能培训相关，而精神科每年的平均住院天数与不良结果相关。在需要长期治疗的患者中发现了中度的社会残疾。在超过50%的亲属中，由此产生的家庭负担呈现出明显或非常明显的程度。
