Pereira G R, Baumgart S, Bennett M J, Stallings V A, Georgieff M K, Hamosh M, Ellis L
Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia 19104.
J Pediatr. 1994 Apr;124(4):605-11. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(05)83143-9.
The use of dietary fat in preference to carbohydrate offers the theoretic advantage of diminishing carbon dioxide production and thus the respiratory quotient, which may be beneficial for babies with chronic lung disease. Ten premature infants (birth weight (mean +/- SEM), 1.13 +/- 0.12 kg; postnatal age, 9 +/- 1 weeks) with bronchopulmonary dysplasia were alternately fed a high-fat and a high-carbohydrate formula each for 1 week, in randomized order. Lower rates of carbon dioxide production (6.6 +/- 0.3 versus 7.4 +/- 0.4 ml/kg per minute; p < 0.05), and consequently lower respiratory quotients (0.80 +/- 0.02 versus 0.94 +/- 0.01 ml/kg per minute; p < 0.005), were observed during the administration of the high-fat formula. There were no significant differences in results of pulmonary function tests with the use of either formula. Both formulas were equally well tolerated and able to promote adequate growth and normal biochemical profiles. However, weight gain was significantly greater with the administration of the high-carbohydrate formula, possibly because of an increase in the accretion of body fat. We conclude that the short-term use of high-fat formula for infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia decreases carbon dioxide production while maintaining adequate growth and nutritional status.
优先使用膳食脂肪而非碳水化合物在理论上具有减少二氧化碳生成从而降低呼吸商的优势，这可能对患有慢性肺病的婴儿有益。十名患有支气管肺发育不良的早产儿（出生体重（均值±标准误），1.13±0.12千克；出生后年龄，9±1周）按随机顺序交替喂食高脂配方奶和高碳水化合物配方奶各1周。在喂食高脂配方奶期间，观察到二氧化碳生成率较低（6.6±0.3对比7.4±0.4毫升/千克每分钟；p<0.05），因此呼吸商也较低（0.80±0.02对比0.94±0.01毫升/千克每分钟；p<0.005）。使用任一配方奶进行肺功能测试的结果均无显著差异。两种配方奶的耐受性均良好，且都能促进足够的生长和正常的生化指标。然而，喂食高碳水化合物配方奶时体重增加显著更多，这可能是由于体脂蓄积增加所致。我们得出结论，对于患有支气管肺发育不良的婴儿，短期使用高脂配方奶可减少二氧化碳生成，同时维持足够的生长和营养状况。
