Sans M, Gatell J M, Rafel M, Mallolas J, Soriano E
Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Clínic i Provincial, Barcelona.
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 1994 Jan;12(1):26-30.
Infection by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is frequent in patients infected by the HIV-1. Nonetheless, visceral involvement in addition to that of pneumonia is rare, despite the important immune dysfunction found among these patients.
Varicella pneumonia was diagnosed in 2 patients with HIV-1 infection who presented cough with high fever and a characteristic rash in addition to respiratory failure and a micronodular pattern on chest radiography. The medical literature is reviewed (MEDLINE).
An excellent clinical response was achieved with endovenous acyclovir treatment.
The authors underline how rare is varicella pneumonia in patients with HIV-1 infection. The appearance of a pustulous vesicular rash in the context of a febrile episode leads to suspicion of this diagnosis. The treatment of choice is endovenous acyclovir (5 mg/kg/8 h). Varicella pneumonia has also been described in children with HIV-1 infection. The possible increase in patients with varicella pneumonia with be assessed, due to the immunosuppressive state of these patients. Patients not having been in contact with the varicella-zoster virus are particularly susceptible to presenting primoinfection by this virus.
水痘带状疱疹病毒（VZV）感染在HIV-1感染患者中很常见。然而，尽管这些患者存在严重的免疫功能障碍，但除肺炎外的内脏受累情况罕见。
2例HIV-1感染患者被诊断为水痘肺炎，他们除了呼吸衰竭和胸部X线片上的微结节模式外，还出现咳嗽、高热和特征性皮疹。对医学文献（MEDLINE）进行了回顾。
静脉注射阿昔洛韦治疗取得了良好的临床反应。
作者强调HIV-1感染患者中水痘肺炎是多么罕见。在发热发作时出现脓疱性水疱皮疹会使人怀疑这一诊断。首选治疗方法是静脉注射阿昔洛韦（5mg/kg/8小时）。HIV-1感染儿童中也有水痘肺炎的描述。由于这些患者的免疫抑制状态，水痘肺炎患者可能会增加。未接触过水痘带状疱疹病毒的患者特别容易感染这种病毒的原发性感染。
