Gelfand S A
Department of Communication Arts and Sciences, Queens College of CUNY, Flushing 11367.
J Am Acad Audiol. 1994 Jan;5(1):10-6.
This study addressed the issue of whether functional impairments can be identified or confirmed using tonal acoustic reflex thresholds (ARTs). Tonal ARTs from 74 ears with functional impairments were compared to 10th percentiles of the ARTs for normal and cochlear-impaired ears at 500 to 2000 Hz (Gelfand, Schwander, and Silman, 1990). Only one ear (5.3%) was correctly identified among the 19 ears in which all of the voluntary thresholds at 500 to 2000 Hz were < or = 55 dB HL. Acoustic reflex thresholds correctly identified functional losses in 70.9 percent, 78.6 percent, and 85.7 percent of the ears with voluntary thresholds > or = 60 dB HL at one, two, or three of these frequencies, respectively. The false positive rate was only 5 to 7 percent for a control group of 50 ears with genuine sensorineural hearing losses. The results indicate that tonal ARTs are an effective nonbehavioral tool for identifying or substantiating the presence of functional losses when thresholds are > or = 60 dB HL; however, ARTs cannot identify functional components when thresholds are < or = 55 dB HL.
本研究探讨了能否使用纯音听反射阈值（ARTs）来识别或确认功能障碍这一问题。将74只存在功能障碍耳朵的纯音听反射阈值，与正常耳朵及耳蜗性听力受损耳朵在500至2000赫兹时听反射阈值的第10百分位数进行比较（Gelfand、Schwander和Silman，1990年）。在19只500至2000赫兹的所有主观听阈均≤55分贝听力级（dB HL）的耳朵中，仅1只耳朵（5.3%）被正确识别。对于在这些频率中的一个、两个或三个频率上主观听阈≥60 dB HL的耳朵，听反射阈值分别正确识别出功能损失的比例为70.9%、78.6%和85.7%。对于50只存在真正感音神经性听力损失的对照组耳朵，假阳性率仅为5%至7%。结果表明，当阈值≥60 dB HL时，纯音听反射阈值是识别或证实功能损失存在的一种有效的非行为学工具；然而，当阈值≤55 dB HL时，听反射阈值无法识别功能成分。
