Basolateral taurine transport system in reptilian renal cells.

The characteristics of taurine transport across renal basolateral membranes were examined, using basolateral membrane vesicles (BLMV) isolated from garter snake (Thamnophis spp.) kidneys. BLMV fraction exhibited high enrichment for the basolateral marker enzyme, Na(+)-K(+)-adenosinetriphosphatase (23-fold), with approximately 10% contamination by brush-border membranes. Taurine uptake into BLMV was specifically stimulated by inwardly directed Na+ gradient in the presence of Cl-. Equilibrium NaCl condition and replacement of NaCl gradient by KCl, choline chloride, NaSCN, sodium gluconate, or mannitol inhibited taurine uptake. Unlike brush-border membrane vesicles (BBMV), taurine uptake into BLMV was not stimulated by a Cl- gradient. In further contrast to BBMV, BLMV taurine uptake was smaller in magnitude and not electrogenic. The stoichiometric relationship between Na+ and BLMV taurine uptake, determined by activation method, indicated a 1 Na+:1 taurine interaction, in contrast to the 3 Na+:1 taurine stoichiometry for BBMV taurine transport. Bromcresol green inhibited BBMV taurine transport but had no effect on BLMV taurine uptake. Efflux of taurine from BLMV was faster than that from BBMV. Unlike BBMV, the BLMV efflux was stimulated by external taurine. The observed characteristics of taurine transport on both membranes would integratively result in net transepithelial reabsorption of taurine across renal cells of the garter snake, a species that demonstrates both net reabsorption and secretion of taurine in vivo.