Vilensky J A, O'Connor B L, Brandt K D, Dunn E A, Rogers P I, DeLong C A
Department of Anatomy, Indiana University School of Medicine, Fort Wayne.
J Orthop Res. 1994 Mar;12(2):229-37. doi: 10.1002/jor.1100120212.
Transection of the anterior cruciate ligament in the dog leads to osteoarthritis. This study defines the kinematic changes in the unstable knee after transection of the cruciate ligament (six dogs) and after a sham operation (four dogs). In the dogs that were anterior cruciate ligament-deficient (ACL-D), the duration of stance 1 week postoperatively decreased 38% from the preoperative value, but only a 4% decrease was seen at 6 weeks. The duration of double hindlimb support increased from 6 to 19% of the entire cycle 1 week after surgery but returned to the baseline value by 18 weeks. As the unstable limb contacted the treadmill belt, the initial flexion (yield) and subsequent extension (propulsive) phases were not evident or were markedly attenuated in every ACL-D dog throughout the 26-week period of observation. The angular velocity patterns were characterized by a slight extension velocity at touchdown (compared with a zero value preoperatively) and a decrease in the peak velocities (both flexion and extension) during the remainder of the stance phase. None of these changes was observed in the animals that had a sham operation. These data indicate that, in the dog, the nervous system compensates for instability of the knee by altering angular, but not temporal, parameters. The extension velocity at touchdown and the reduction in peak flexion velocity during the yield component of the stance phase may reduce the ability of the limb to absorb impact forces and lead to the development of osteoarthritis of the knee.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
犬类前交叉韧带横断会导致骨关节炎。本研究确定了在交叉韧带横断后（六只犬）和假手术后（四只犬）不稳定膝关节的运动学变化。在前交叉韧带缺陷（ACL - D）的犬中，术后1周站立期时长较术前值减少了38%，但在6周时仅减少了4%。双侧后肢支撑期时长在术后1周从整个周期的6%增加到19%，但到18周时恢复到基线值。在整个26周的观察期内，每只ACL - D犬在不稳定肢体接触跑步机皮带时，初始屈曲（屈服）和随后的伸展（推进）阶段均不明显或明显减弱。角速度模式的特征是着地时略有伸展速度（与术前的零值相比）以及在站立期其余阶段峰值速度（屈曲和伸展）降低。在接受假手术的动物中未观察到这些变化。这些数据表明，在犬类中，神经系统通过改变角度而非时间参数来补偿膝关节的不稳定性。着地时的伸展速度以及站立期屈服部分峰值屈曲速度的降低可能会降低肢体吸收冲击力的能力，并导致膝关节骨关节炎的发展。（摘要截断于250字）
