al-Shammari S A, Bamgboye E A, Olubuyide I O
Department of Family and Community Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
J R Soc Health. 1994 Feb;114(1):6-10. doi: 10.1177/146642409411400101.
The sickness absence records of workers at the King Khalid University Hospital over a period of two years (1990-1991) were analysed to identify the category of workers at high risks. The records of each staff who went on 'sick-off' are available at the Employee Health Clinic of the hospital. There were 861 workers with sickness absence records during the period of study and 86% are expatriates on contract. The prevalence of sickness absence is higher among contract workers than non-contract workers about 16% and 9% respectively. The sex ratio was 1:2 in favour of females among contract employees but 1.2:1 in the male's favour for the Saudis. The observed sex differential in the rate of sickness absence in each occupational group is statistically significant (P < 0.01). Females have more spells of sickness than males and the duration of sickness absence is significantly higher in females. However, the average spell of sickness which is generally low is not different between contract and non-contract workers although slightly higher in the former. There was no significant occupational effect on the spells and duration of sickness absence. Respiratory infections and diseases of the digestive and musculoskeletal systems are the major diseases causing sickness absence. The implications of these findings are discussed in the paper. But for a good monitoring of sickness absence records, a health record surveillance card for each employee is recommended.
对哈立德国王大学医院两年（1990 - 1991年）期间员工的病假记录进行了分析，以确定高风险员工类别。每位休“病假”员工的记录可在医院的员工健康诊所获取。在研究期间有861名员工有病假记录，其中86%是外籍合同工。合同工的病假患病率高于非合同工，分别约为16%和9%。合同工中女性与男性的性别比为1:2，而沙特员工中男性与女性的性别比为1.2:1。在每个职业群体中，观察到的病假率性别差异具有统计学意义（P < 0.01）。女性的病假次数比男性多，且女性的病假缺勤时长明显更长。然而，尽管合同工的平均病假次数略高，但总体较低的平均病假次数在合同工和非合同工之间并无差异。病假次数和缺勤时长不存在显著的职业影响。呼吸道感染以及消化和肌肉骨骼系统疾病是导致病假的主要疾病。本文讨论了这些发现的意义。但为了更好地监测病假记录，建议为每位员工配备一份健康记录监测卡。
