Dyer S K
Department of English, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City 37614.
Psychiatr Q. 1994 Spring;65(1):15-30. doi: 10.1007/BF02354329.
The nineteenth-century novels of Herman Melville, in their exploration of the theme of the conflict of man's godlike aspirations with his all-too-human limitations, anticipate the twentieth-century psychoanalytic understanding of narcissism, as developed by Sigmund Freud and Hans Kohut, specifically its psychodynamic model of the ego ideal in conflict with reality and the finiteness of human life. Captain Ahab in Moby-Dick is a vivid portrait of a narcissistic character, while Captain Vere in Billy Budd stands as a model of the "transformations of narcissism" in a mature individual. Melville's imaginative fiction is still capable of giving us valuable insights into the human condition.
赫尔曼·梅尔维尔19世纪的小说探讨了人类神圣抱负与人类自身局限性之间的冲突这一主题，预见了西格蒙德·弗洛伊德和汉斯·科胡特所发展的20世纪对自恋的精神分析理解，特别是其关于自我理想与现实冲突以及人类生命有限性的心理动力学模型。《白鲸记》中的亚哈船长是一个自恋性格的生动写照，而《比利·巴德》中的韦尔船长则是成熟个体中“自恋转变”的典范。梅尔维尔富有想象力的小说仍能让我们对人类状况有宝贵的洞察。
