Wood R E, Tai C C, Blenkinsop B, Johnston D
Department of Dentistry, Ontario Cancer Institute Incorporating Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Canada.
Am J Forensic Med Pathol. 1994 Mar;15(1):70-8. doi: 10.1097/00000433-199403000-00015.
Traditional methods of comparison involving the presence of missing teeth, dental restorations, and other pathological features may be difficult due to the reduction in dental restorations in today's population. This study demonstrates an alternative method of identification using digitized images. It utilizes anatomical structures such as dental root morphology and spatial relations of teeth roots and their supporting structures on simulated antemortem and postmortem radiographs as the basis for identification. A total of 39 mandibular specimens were used and two radiographs representing the antemortem and postmortem radiographs of each hemimandible were exposed by two operators using different x-ray generators. The radiographs were scanned and digitized. The identities of the antemortem and postmortem radiographs were kept from the operator. Following this, horizontal sections were digitally cut from the antemortem radiographs through the roots approximately halfway between the neck of the tooth and the root apex. This section was manipulated onto the postmortem radiograph by using a computer graphics program and a quantitative comparison of the alignment of normal dental anatomical landmarks was undertaken. The technique enabled perfect matching of all 39 specimens by antemortem and postmortem dental radiographs. The mean number of identifying points was 17.5 and the mean number of nonmatching points was 0.1. The mean concordance was 99.2% between the antemortem and postmortem radiographs.
由于如今人群中牙齿修复体数量减少，涉及牙齿缺失、牙齿修复体及其他病理特征的传统比较方法可能会遇到困难。本研究展示了一种利用数字化图像进行身份识别的替代方法。该方法将牙根形态以及牙根与其支持结构在模拟生前和死后X光片上的空间关系等解剖结构作为身份识别的基础。总共使用了39个下颌骨标本，由两名操作人员使用不同的X光发生器对每个半下颌骨的生前和死后X光片进行曝光。这些X光片被扫描并数字化。操作人员不知道生前和死后X光片的对应关系。在此之后，从生前X光片中沿着牙根在牙颈部和根尖之间大约中间位置进行数字水平切割。通过计算机图形程序将该切片与死后X光片进行比对，并对正常牙齿解剖标志的对齐情况进行定量比较。该技术能够使所有39个标本的生前和死后牙齿X光片完美匹配。识别点的平均数量为17.5个，不匹配点的平均数量为0.1个。生前和死后X光片之间的平均一致性为99.2%。
