Bruce M L, Leaf P J, Rozal G P, Florio L, Hoff R A
Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, New Haven, CT 06520-8034.
Am J Psychiatry. 1994 May;151(5):716-21. doi: 10.1176/ajp.151.5.716.
This study examined the effects of nine axis I psychiatric disorders, as assessed by the Diagnostic Interview Schedule, on the risk of mortality over a 9-year period among a community sample of 3,560 men and women aged 40 and older.
The study identified the vital status as of Oct. 1, 1989, of respondents who were first interviewed in 1980 by the New Haven Epidemiologic Catchment Area study. Mortality risk by psychiatric status was estimated by using Cox proportional hazards models.
Nine years after the baseline interview, it was confirmed that 1,194 (33.5%) of the respondents were deceased and 2,344 (65.8%) survived; the vital status of 22 (0.6%) remained unknown. When the relative risk of mortality was adjusted for age, several disorders--major depression, alcohol abuse or dependence, and schizophrenia--increased the likelihood of mortality.
These data are further evidence of the negative outcome of some psychiatric problems even when assessed in community samples. The relatively high prevalence of depression and alcohol disorders indicates the far-reaching impact that these problems have on community health in general.
本研究通过诊断性访谈表评估了9种轴I精神疾病对一个由3560名40岁及以上男女组成的社区样本在9年期间的死亡风险的影响。
该研究确定了1980年首次接受纽黑文流行病学集水区研究访谈的受访者截至1989年10月1日的生命状况。通过使用Cox比例风险模型估计精神状态的死亡风险。
在基线访谈9年后，证实1194名（33.5%）受访者已死亡，2344名（65.8%）存活；22名（0.6%）的生命状况仍不明。在对年龄进行死亡率相对风险调整后，几种疾病——重度抑郁症、酒精滥用或依赖以及精神分裂症——增加了死亡可能性。
这些数据进一步证明了即使在社区样本中评估，一些精神问题也会产生负面结果。抑郁症和酒精障碍的相对高患病率表明这些问题总体上对社区健康具有深远影响。
