Opper F H, Burakoff R
School of Medicine, Health Sciences Center, State University of New York, Stony Brook.
Clin Geriatr Med. 1994 Feb;10(1):31-49.
Critically ill elderly patients are at high risk to develop protein-energy malnutrition as well as micronutrient deficiencies. They have characteristic metabolic alterations which must be understood in order to provide nutritional support. Current nutritional status can be assessed by clinical and laboratory parameters. The enteral and parenteral routes of administering nutrition and their advantages, disadvantages, complications, and monitoring are discussed.
重症老年患者发生蛋白质-能量营养不良以及微量营养素缺乏的风险很高。他们具有特征性的代谢改变，为了提供营养支持必须了解这些改变。目前的营养状况可通过临床和实验室参数进行评估。文中讨论了营养支持的肠内和肠外途径及其优缺点、并发症和监测方法。
