Lee T Q, Anzel S H, Bennett K A, Pang D, Kim W C
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Long Beach, California 90822.
Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1994 May(302):69-74.
Patellofemoral contact pressures resulting from fixed rotational deformities of the femur were studied in human cadaver knees. The increase in the degree of fixed rotational deformities of the femur results in a nonlinear increase in patellofemoral contact pressures on the contralateral facets of the patella (i.e., external rotational deformity resulted in a contact pressure increase on the medial facet, and internal rotational deformity resulted in a contact pressure increase on the lateral facet of the patella). With the initial isometric tension of 200 N in the quadriceps tendon for 30 degrees, 60 degrees, 90 degrees, and 120 degrees knee flexion, the peak contact pressure showed no significant differences between the medial and lateral facets of the patella in its anatomic position. At 20 degrees of rotational deformity of the femur, only a slight increase was noted for the tension in the quadriceps tendon and the patellofemoral contact pressures on the contralateral facets of the patella. However, at 30 degrees rotational deformity of the femur, both the external and internal rotational deformity of the femur showed a significant increase in the tension of the quadriceps tendon and the patellofemoral contact pressures on contralateral facets of the patella. The greatest increase in patellofemoral contact pressures was observed at 30 degrees and 60 degrees knee flexion for both the external and internal rotational deformity of the femur. The external rotational deformity of the femur for all knee flexion angles showed significantly higher peak patellofemoral contact pressure increases on the medial facet of the patella as compared with the lateral patellofemoral contact pressure increase resulting from internal rotational deformity of the femur.
在人体尸体膝关节中研究了由股骨固定旋转畸形引起的髌股关节接触压力。股骨固定旋转畸形程度的增加导致髌骨对侧小面的髌股关节接触压力呈非线性增加（即，外旋畸形导致内侧小面接触压力增加，内旋畸形导致髌骨外侧小面接触压力增加）。在股四头肌肌腱初始等长张力为200 N的情况下，膝关节屈曲30度、60度、90度和120度时，髌骨解剖位置的内侧和外侧小面之间的峰值接触压力无显著差异。在股骨旋转畸形20度时，仅注意到股四头肌肌腱张力和髌骨对侧小面的髌股关节接触压力略有增加。然而，在股骨旋转畸形30度时，股骨的外旋和内旋畸形均显示股四头肌肌腱张力和髌骨对侧小面的髌股关节接触压力显著增加。在膝关节屈曲30度和60度时，观察到股骨外旋和内旋畸形的髌股关节接触压力增加最大。与股骨内旋畸形导致的外侧髌股关节接触压力增加相比，股骨外旋畸形在所有膝关节屈曲角度下均显示髌骨内侧小面的峰值髌股关节接触压力增加显著更高。
