Lyness S A, Eaton E M, Schneider L S
Department of Psychiatry and the Behavioral Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Southern California.
J Gerontol. 1994 May;49(3):P129-36. doi: 10.1093/geronj/49.3.p129.
Cognitive performance was assessed in older (60-75 years) and middle-aged (40-59 years) unmedicated outpatients with major depression and in healthy controls to examine potential interactive effects of age and depression. Cognitive performance was assessed from three categories of tasks: verbal, visual-spatial, and visuo-motor scanning tasks. Depressed subjects did not perform as well as controls on visuo-motor scanning tasks that included the Trail Making Tests A and B, and the Symbol Digit Modalities Test. Likewise, the older compared to the middle-aged group was slower on the visuo-motor scanning tasks. In addition, the older group showed poorer performance on visual-spatial tasks. Neither depression nor age group effects were observed for the primarily verbal tasks. Age and depression combined in an additive (noninteractive) fashion such that the older depressed subjects performed worse than the middle-aged depressed subjects, and older and middle-aged controls, on visuo-motor scanning tasks.
对患有重度抑郁症的老年（60 - 75岁）和中年（40 - 59岁）未用药门诊患者以及健康对照者的认知表现进行评估，以研究年龄和抑郁症之间潜在的交互作用。认知表现通过三类任务进行评估：语言任务、视觉空间任务和视觉运动扫描任务。在包括连线测验A和B以及符号数字模式测验的视觉运动扫描任务中，抑郁患者的表现不如对照组。同样，在视觉运动扫描任务中，老年组比中年组速度更慢。此外，老年组在视觉空间任务上表现更差。对于主要的语言任务，未观察到抑郁或年龄组效应。年龄和抑郁症以相加（非交互）的方式共同作用，使得老年抑郁患者在视觉运动扫描任务上的表现比中年抑郁患者以及老年和中年对照组更差。
