Langmore S E, Lehman M E
Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI.
J Speech Hear Res. 1994 Feb;37(1):28-37. doi: 10.1044/jshr.3701.28.
The purpose of this study was to delineate some of the physiological deficits in the orofacial musculature of patients with dysarthria associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and to relate the physiologic deficits to perceived severity of dysarthria. Strain gauge force transducers placed on the lower lip, jaw, and tongue tip were used to measure maximum strength and maximum rate of repeated contractions. Diadochokinetic rates for repeated /pe/ and and /te/ were also determined. Fourteen ALS patients and 15 normal subjects were tested. It was found that the ALS patients with dysarthria were impaired in all tasks compared to the normal subjects, and that some measures revealed impairment even in those ALS patients who were not yet dysarthric. Bulbar ALS patients were generally more severely affected than the corticobulbar or spinal ALS patients, and the tongue was generally the most affected structure in all ALS groups. Perceived severity of dysarthria was more highly correlated with the measures of repeated contraction rate than with the measures of strength, suggesting that more severe dysarthria may be largely due to slower movement of the orofacial structures until substantial muscle strength has been lost.
本研究的目的是描绘肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS）相关构音障碍患者口面部肌肉组织中的一些生理缺陷，并将这些生理缺陷与构音障碍的感知严重程度联系起来。放置在下唇、下颌和舌尖的应变片式力传感器用于测量最大力量和重复收缩的最大速率。还测定了重复发/pe/和/te/音的连续交替运动速率。对14名ALS患者和15名正常受试者进行了测试。结果发现，与正常受试者相比，患有构音障碍的ALS患者在所有任务中均受损，并且一些测量结果显示，即使在尚未出现构音障碍的ALS患者中也存在损伤。延髓性ALS患者通常比皮质延髓或脊髓性ALS患者受到的影响更严重，并且在所有ALS组中，舌头通常是受影响最严重的结构。构音障碍的感知严重程度与重复收缩速率的测量值比与力量的测量值相关性更高，这表明更严重的构音障碍可能主要是由于口面部结构的运动较慢，直到肌肉力量大幅丧失。
