Taylor M J
Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol. 1978 Nov;45(5):568-76. doi: 10.1016/0013-4694(78)90157-8.
Bereitschaftspontential (BP) research typically uses very simple, abrupt movements that require no learning and which change little over the duration of the experimental session. The present study investigated changes in the size and cortical distribution of the BP during the acquisition of a skilled motor task. Twelve subjects were employed. Electrodes at FZ, CZ, C3'' and C4'' were used to record the EEG with DC amplifiers. A series of 6 button presses in a specified pattern constituted the motor task. Subjects were instructed to press the series every 20 sec as quickly as possible, but with no errors. Significant response time, electrode and trial main effects, and electrode by trial interactions were found. The BP increased steadily at all electrodes as performance improved, i.e., as response time decreased. After the response reached asymptote the BP recorded at FZ and C4'' decreased, while the BP at CZ and C3'' remained relatively constant. Multivariate analyses of covariance showed a consistent relationship between the improvement in response times and the changes in the BP. This study demonstrates that the size and cortical distribution of the BP are systematically related to improved proficiency of a motor response with learning.
准备电位（BP）研究通常使用非常简单、突然的动作，这些动作无需学习，并且在实验过程中变化很小。本研究调查了在熟练运动任务习得过程中BP的大小和皮层分布的变化。招募了12名受试者。使用位于FZ、CZ、C3''和C4''的电极通过直流放大器记录脑电图。按照特定模式进行一系列6次按键操作构成运动任务。受试者被要求每20秒尽快按下该系列按键，但不能出错。发现了显著的反应时间、电极和试验主效应，以及电极与试验的交互作用。随着表现的提高，即反应时间的缩短，所有电极处的BP均稳步增加。在反应达到渐近线后，FZ和C4''处记录的BP下降，而CZ和C3''处的BP保持相对恒定。多变量协方差分析显示反应时间的改善与BP的变化之间存在一致的关系。本研究表明，BP的大小和皮层分布与运动反应学习过程中熟练程度的提高存在系统性关联。
