Sandmeier E, Hale T I, Christen P
Biochemisches Institut der Universität Zürich, Switzerland.
Eur J Biochem. 1994 May 1;221(3):997-1002. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1994.tb18816.x.
Comparison of the amino acid sequences of nine different pyridoxal-5'-phosphate-dependent amino acid decarboxylases indicated that they can be subdivided into four different groups that seem to be evolutionarily unrelated to each other. Group I is represented by glycine decarboxylase, a component of a multienzyme system; group II comprises glutamate, histidine, tyrosine, and aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylases; group III, procaryotic ornithine and lysine decarboxylase as well as the procaryotic biodegradative type of arginine decarboxylase; group IV, eucaryotic ornithine and arginine decarboxylase as well as the procaryotic biosynthetic type of arginine decarboxylase and diaminopimelate decarboxylase. (N-1) profile analysis, a more stringent application of profile analysis, established the homology among the enzymes of each group. A search with the profile of group II indicated a distant relationship with aminotransferases and thus with the alpha family of pyridoxal-5'-phosphate-dependent enzymes. No evidence was obtained that groups I, III and IV were related with other pyridoxal-5'-phosphate-dependent enzymes or any other protein in the database. Unlike the aminotransferases, which, with few possible exceptions, constitute a single group of homologous proteins, the amino acid decarboxylases, by the criterion of profile analysis, have evolved along multiple lineages, in some cases even if they have the same substrate specificity.
对九种不同的磷酸吡哆醛依赖性氨基酸脱羧酶的氨基酸序列进行比较后发现，它们可分为四个不同的组，这些组在进化上似乎彼此无关。第一组以甘氨酸脱羧酶为代表，它是多酶系统的一个组成部分；第二组包括谷氨酸、组氨酸、酪氨酸和芳香族L-氨基酸脱羧酶；第三组包括原核生物鸟氨酸和赖氨酸脱羧酶以及原核生物生物降解型精氨酸脱羧酶；第四组包括真核生物鸟氨酸和精氨酸脱羧酶以及原核生物生物合成型精氨酸脱羧酶和二氨基庚二酸脱羧酶。（N-1）谱分析是谱分析的一种更严格的应用，它确定了每组酶之间的同源性。用第二组的谱进行搜索表明，它与转氨酶有较远的关系，因此与磷酸吡哆醛依赖性酶的α家族有关。没有证据表明第一、三、四组与数据库中其他磷酸吡哆醛依赖性酶或任何其他蛋白质有关。与转氨酶不同，转氨酶几乎没有可能的例外，它们构成一组同源蛋白质，而根据谱分析的标准，氨基酸脱羧酶是沿着多个谱系进化的，在某些情况下，即使它们具有相同的底物特异性也是如此。
