A pilot study of intraperitoneal cisplatin in the management of gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND

This phase II trial was designed to evaluate the feasibility, toxicity, relapse pattern and survival following adjuvant intraperitoneal cisplatin in patients with gastric cancer at high risk of relapse.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Patients who had undergone complete surgical resection of adenocarcinoma of the stomach and who had positive serosa and/or regional lymph nodes and/or peritoneal washings has insertion of either a Tenckhoff catheter or temporary peritoneal dialysis catheter and were treated with cisplatin 60 mg/m2 intraperitoneally every 21 days for 4-6 courses. Peritoneal lavage or cytology was done before each treatment.

RESULTS

Eighteen patients were studied. Seventeen patients had serosal involvement, 11 had regional lymph node involvement and 2 had positive peritoneal washings before treatment. The median number of courses of chemotherapy was 4 (range 2-6). Radioisotope tracer studies (6 patients) showed good distribution throughout the peritoneal cavity. No WHO grade 3/4 toxicity was seen. Twelve patients (67%) have relapsed, 6 (33%) intra-abdominally, 4 (22%) with hepatic metastases and 2 (11%) outside the abdominal cavity. The median survival was 17 months.

CONCLUSIONS

Cisplatin can be administered safely as adjuvant therapy to patients with gastric cancer, however, as single agent therapy the pattern of relapse and subsequent death was similar to that expected. The occurrence of distant metastases may argue for systemic rather than local adjuvant treatment.