Widom C P, Ames M A
Department of Criminal Justice, Indiana University, IN.
Child Abuse Negl. 1994 Apr;18(4):303-18. doi: 10.1016/0145-2134(94)90033-7.
Using a prospective cohorts design, we assess the long-term criminal consequences of childhood sexual abuse through an examination of official criminal histories for a large sample of validated cases of childhood sexual abuse, compared to cases of physical abuse and neglect and a control group matched for age, race, sex, and approximate family socioeconomic status. Compared to other types of abuse and neglect, early childhood sexual abuse does not uniquely increase an individual's risk for later delinquent and adult criminal behavior. Childhood sexual abuse victims were at increased risk of arrest as a juvenile for being a runaway. As adults, child sexual abuse victims were at higher risk of arrest for sex crimes than controls, as were victims of physical abuse and neglect. Childhood sexual abuse victims were more likely to be arrested for prostitution as adults than other abuse and neglect victims and controls, regardless of gender. However, there was no support for a direct relationship among child sexual abuse, arrests for running away in adolescence, and adult arrests for prostitution. The findings also suggest an association for males between physical abuse and arrests for violent sex crimes (rape and/or sodomy). Caution is needed in interpreting these findings because of exclusive reliance on official record data and the possible impact of agency intervention.
我们采用前瞻性队列设计，通过检查大量经证实的儿童性虐待案例的官方犯罪记录，评估儿童性虐待的长期犯罪后果，并与身体虐待、忽视案例以及在年龄、种族、性别和大致家庭社会经济地位方面匹配的对照组进行比较。与其他类型的虐待和忽视相比，儿童早期性虐待并不会独特地增加个体日后犯罪和成年后犯罪行为的风险。儿童性虐待受害者作为少年因离家出走而被捕的风险增加。成年后，儿童性虐待受害者因性犯罪被捕的风险高于对照组，身体虐待和忽视的受害者也是如此。无论性别如何，儿童性虐待受害者成年后因卖淫被捕的可能性都比其他虐待和忽视受害者及对照组更高。然而，没有证据支持儿童性虐待、青少年离家出走被捕和成年后因卖淫被捕之间存在直接关系。研究结果还表明，男性的身体虐待与因暴力性犯罪（强奸和/或鸡奸）被捕之间存在关联。由于仅依赖官方记录数据以及机构干预可能产生的影响，在解释这些结果时需要谨慎。
