Mandarim-de-Lacerda C A
Hospital Universitario Pedro Ernesto, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Departamento de Anatomia, Brasil.
Early Hum Dev. 1993 Dec 31;35(3):173-82. doi: 10.1016/0378-3782(93)90104-3.
The growth of the heart was studied in 56 human fetuses ranging from 14 to 38 weeks (23 female and 33 male) using the following measurements: cardiac length and width, aortic and pulmonary artery internal diameters, right and left anterior ventricular wall thickness. Relationships between the fetal cardiac data and crown-rump length were explored by allometry and linear regression analysis. The present study confirmed that the heart increases with high growth rates and positive allometry during prenatal life. Statistically different growth rates were found comparing female with male fetuses (sexual dimorphism): (a) in the third trimester (P < 0.001, except for the cardiac length and the left ventricular wall thickness), (b) considering fetuses of the second and third trimesters together (only for cardiac width, P = 0.0015). In these circumstances the female fetuses had the greatest growth rates. The length and the width of the heart are diameters easily obtained in the ultrasonographic four-chamber view of the heart in the last two trimesters of gestation. Therefore, these data can be analyzed by non-invasive methods and are useful for prenatal detection of congenital heart disease.
对56例孕龄14至38周的人类胎儿（23例女性，33例男性）的心脏生长情况进行了研究，测量指标如下：心脏长度和宽度、主动脉和肺动脉内径、右心室和左心室前壁厚度。通过异速生长分析和线性回归分析，探讨了胎儿心脏数据与顶臀长度之间的关系。本研究证实，在产前阶段，心脏以高生长速率和正异速生长方式增大。比较女性胎儿和男性胎儿时发现了统计学上不同的生长速率（性别二态性）：(a) 在孕晚期（除心脏长度和左心室壁厚度外，P < 0.001）；(b) 将孕中期和孕晚期的胎儿一起考虑时（仅针对心脏宽度，P = 0.0015）。在这些情况下，女性胎儿的生长速率最大。心脏的长度和宽度是在妊娠最后两个阶段心脏超声四腔视图中容易获得的直径。因此，这些数据可以通过非侵入性方法进行分析，并且有助于先天性心脏病的产前检测。
