Hand I L, Wiznia A A, Porricolo M, Lambert G, Caspe W B
Department of Pediatrics, Bronx Lebanon Hospital Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10457.
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1994 Feb;13(2):100-4. doi: 10.1097/00006454-199402000-00004.
Aerosolized pentamidine is widely used in adult patients with human immunodeficiency virus as both prophylaxis and therapy for Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety of a monthly regimen of aerosolized pentamidine in human immunodeficiency virus-infected infants. Seven human immunodeficiency virus-infected infants, ages 3.5 to 11 months, were given a total of 45 monthly treatments of aerosolized pentamidine. The infant's dose of pentamidine was based on an adult dosage of 300 to 600 mg/month, adjusted for minute ventilation and weight. There were no discernible clinical side effects in 62% (28 of 45) of the treatments. Observed toxicity included mild to moderate coughing, mild wheeze and transient arterial desaturation as measured by pulse oximetry. Pulmonary function data revealed an increased tidal volume (P < 0.005) and an increased pulmonary resistance (P < 0.02) post-pentamidine treatment. Urinary pentamidine concentrations were obtained and pentamidine was detected in all tested samples suggesting pulmonary deposition and systemic absorption. In conclusion aerosolized pentamidine appears to be a relatively safe, well-tolerated treatment in infants, with side effects similar to those seen in adults.
雾化戊烷脒广泛用于成人艾滋病患者，作为预防和治疗卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎的药物。本研究的目的是评估雾化戊烷脒每月给药方案在感染人类免疫缺陷病毒婴儿中的安全性。七名年龄在3.5至11个月的感染人类免疫缺陷病毒的婴儿，总共接受了45次雾化戊烷脒的每月治疗。婴儿的戊烷脒剂量基于成人剂量300至600毫克/月，并根据分钟通气量和体重进行调整。62%（45次治疗中的28次）的治疗未发现明显的临床副作用。观察到的毒性包括轻度至中度咳嗽、轻度喘息以及通过脉搏血氧饱和度测定的短暂动脉血氧饱和度下降。肺功能数据显示，戊烷脒治疗后潮气量增加（P < 0.005），肺阻力增加（P < 0.02）。检测了尿中戊烷脒浓度，所有测试样本中均检测到戊烷脒，表明肺部有沉积和全身吸收。总之，雾化戊烷脒在婴儿中似乎是一种相对安全、耐受性良好的治疗方法，其副作用与成人相似。
