Lai K K
Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester 01655.
Cleve Clin J Med. 1994 Mar-Apr;61(2):132-6; quiz 161. doi: 10.3949/ccjm.61.2.132.
Women now constitute 12% of persons with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), and three quarters of them are well within their childbearing age.
To determine if women infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) change their attitudes toward childbearing and their sexual and contraceptive practices.
Questionnaire and interview.
Forty-six women age 18 to 44 participated; 33 were white, 12 were Hispanic, and 1 was black. Intravenous drug abuse was reported by 65%. Nineteen had symptomatic HIV disease or AIDS. Only 70% said they had received counseling after testing. Of these, 59% said they were counseled on avoiding pregnancy, and 81% said they were counseled on use of condoms. Before testing, 59% had wanted to have children; after testing, only 17% did. Only 4% said they had always used condoms before testing, but 54% said they did after testing; 39% said they used some form of birth control before testing compared with 70% who said they did after testing.
Counseling was not optimal. Sexual and contraceptive practices changed, but follow-up study will be needed to see if such changes are sustained.
目前，女性占获得性免疫缺陷综合征（艾滋病）患者的12%，其中四分之三处于育龄期。
确定感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的女性是否会改变其对生育的态度以及性行为和避孕方式。
问卷调查和访谈。
46名年龄在18至44岁之间的女性参与调查；其中33人为白人，12人为西班牙裔，1人为黑人。65%的人报告有静脉注射吸毒史。19人患有症状性HIV疾病或艾滋病。只有70%的人表示在检测后接受了咨询。其中，59%的人表示接受了关于避免怀孕的咨询，81%的人表示接受了关于使用避孕套的咨询。检测前，59%的人想要孩子；检测后，只有17%的人想要。只有4%的人表示在检测前一直使用避孕套，但54%的人表示在检测后使用；39%的人表示在检测前使用某种形式的避孕措施，而70%的人表示在检测后使用。
咨询效果不理想。性行为和避孕方式发生了改变，但需要进行后续研究以确定这些改变是否会持续。
