Elble R J, Moody C, Leffler K, Sinha R
Center for Alzheimer Disease and Related Disorders, Southern Illinois University, School of Medicine, Springfield.
Mov Disord. 1994 Mar;9(2):139-46. doi: 10.1002/mds.870090203.
Lower extremity electromyograms (EMGs), ground reaction forces, and body motion were measured during the brisk initiation of forward walking performed by 12 healthy adults, aged 20 to 82 years. Gait was initiated 20 times in response to a visual cue. During gait initiation, the body rotated about the ankles like a flexible inverted pendulum. The muscles of the lower extremities were activated stereotypically so as to create moments of force about the ankles that propelled the body toward the stance foot and into forward motion. All volunteers exhibited similar patterns of gait initiation, which were so reproducible that computer averaging of multiple steps by each person was possible. Gait initiation is a stereotyped sequence of postural shifts that culminates in a forward step. Disturbances of gait initiation could result from abnormalities in postural control, movement, or their integration.
在12名年龄在20至82岁之间的健康成年人进行快速向前行走启动过程中，测量了下肢肌电图（EMG）、地面反作用力和身体运动。根据视觉提示启动步态20次。在步态启动过程中，身体像一个灵活的倒立摆一样绕脚踝旋转。下肢肌肉以刻板的方式被激活，从而在脚踝处产生力矩，将身体推向支撑脚并进入向前运动。所有志愿者都表现出相似的步态启动模式，这种模式具有很高的可重复性，以至于可以对每个人的多步进行计算机平均处理。步态启动是一系列刻板的姿势变化，最终以向前一步结束。步态启动的障碍可能源于姿势控制、运动或它们的整合异常。
