Burt D W, Law A S
Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, AFRC Roslin Institute, Midlothian, U.K.
Prog Growth Factor Res. 1994;5(1):99-118. doi: 10.1016/0955-2235(94)90020-5.
Transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) is the prototype of an increasingly complex superfamily of growth and differentiation factors. To date, a total of 74 TGF-beta-like sequences have been published, probably representing 23 distinct genes. These sequences were obtained from mammalian, avian, amphibian and insect species, thus emphasising the ancient nature of the TGF-beta superfamily peptides. This article summarises current hypotheses concerning the evolutionary history of this protein superfamily, based on the molecular phylogeny of the published sequences. Comparison of the deduced amino acid sequences leads to the definition of five main groups within the superfamily (TGF-beta, Bone Morphogenetic Proteins [BMP], Anti-Müllerian Hormone [AMH], Inhibin alpha [INH alpha] and GDF-9) and six subgroups within the BMPs (60A, Decapentaplegic [dpp], Vg1, BMP-3, Inhibin beta [INH beta A/B] and nodal). This classification predicts possible phylogenetic and functional relationships among these proteins.
转化生长因子β1（TGF-β1）是一个日益复杂的生长和分化因子超家族的原型。迄今为止，总共已发表了74个TGF-β样序列，可能代表23个不同的基因。这些序列来自哺乳动物、鸟类、两栖动物和昆虫物种，从而强调了TGF-β超家族肽的古老性质。本文基于已发表序列的分子系统发育，总结了关于这个蛋白质超家族进化历史的当前假说。对推导的氨基酸序列进行比较，可在超家族中定义五个主要组（TGF-β、骨形态发生蛋白[BMP]、抗苗勒管激素[AMH]、抑制素α[INHα]和生长分化因子9[GDF-9]）以及BMP中的六个亚组（60A、果蝇的Decapentaplegic[dpp]、Vg1、BMP-3、抑制素β[INHβA/B]和节点蛋白）。这种分类预测了这些蛋白质之间可能的系统发育和功能关系。
