[The contribution of endoscopy in the diagnosis of unilateral hematuria of renal origin and pseudotumors of the upper urinary tract].

From 1985 to 1992, 9 patients (6 males, 3 females) with a mean age of 47 years, presenting with a clinical picture suggestive of a tumour of the upper urinary tract (haematuria and/or pelvic or caliceal radiolucent filling defect), underwent retrograde (6 cases) and/or percutaneous (9 cases) endoscopic exploration of the upper urinary tract. The percutaneous examination allowed a precise diagnosis and appropriate treatment adapted to the lesion detected (papillary necrosis: 2 cases; ectopic papilla: 2 cases; hypertrophy of Brunn's nests: 1 case; papillary angioma: 1 case; haemorrhagic papillitis: 3 cases) in every case. Endoscopic exploration of radiolucent lesions of the upper tract and unexplained renal haematuria is therefore justified whenever the diagnosis of upper tract tumour is uncertain on the basis of the radiological and cytological assessment.