Jablonskis L T, Howe P R
Division of Human Nutrition, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Adelaide, Australia.
Blood Press. 1994 Mar;3(1-2):112-9. doi: 10.3109/08037059409101530.
The relationship between circulating adrenaline and blood pressure was examined by manipulating plasma adrenaline levels in both normotensive and hypertensive rats: bilateral adrenalmedullectomy was performed in spontaneously hypertensive rats and stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats; adrenaline bitartrate was infused chronically (25-32 micrograms/kg/h s.c.) into Wistar Kyoto, Sprague Dawley and stroke-prone rats via osmotic minipumps. Arterial and venous catheters were subsequently implanted for direct measurement of mean arterial pressure, blood sampling and drug administration in conscious rats. Adrenaline infusion for 5-6 weeks in Wistar Kyoto rats did not affect resting blood pressure (118 +/- 3 versus 119 +/- 1 mmHg in controls) even though plasma adrenaline was elevated 12-fold. Plasma noradrenaline was marginally elevated. Blood pressure was also unaffected by adrenaline infusion in Sprague Dawley or stroke-prone hypertensive rats. One week after adrenal medullectomy, plasma adrenaline was reduced 89% in spontaneously hypertensive rats, but blood pressure was unaffected. Ten weeks after adrenal medullectomy in young stroke-prone rats, resting blood pressure was slightly higher (167 +/- 2 mmHg) than in control rats (157 +/- 2 mmHg), although adrenaline was reduced by 34% in plasma and 67% in adrenal glands. Nitroprusside was infused acutely to lower blood pressure and reflexly elevate plasma noradrenaline. Neither of these responses were affected by chronic adrenaline infusion or adrenal medullectomy. In both adrenaline-infused Wistar Kyoto and medullectomised stroke-prone rats, autonomic blockade reduced blood pressure to a similar extent as in controls, indicating that the degree of sympathetic vasoconstriction was not altered by either treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
通过调控正常血压和高血压大鼠的血浆肾上腺素水平，研究了循环肾上腺素与血压之间的关系：对自发性高血压大鼠和易卒中型自发性高血压大鼠进行双侧肾上腺髓质切除术；通过渗透微型泵将重酒石酸肾上腺素长期（皮下注射，25 - 32微克/千克/小时）注入Wistar Kyoto大鼠、Sprague Dawley大鼠和易卒中型大鼠体内。随后在清醒大鼠体内植入动脉和静脉导管，用于直接测量平均动脉压、采血和给药。在Wistar Kyoto大鼠中，连续输注肾上腺素5 - 6周，尽管血浆肾上腺素升高了12倍，但静息血压并未受到影响（对照组为118±3 mmHg，实验组为119±1 mmHg）。血浆去甲肾上腺素略有升高。Sprague Dawley大鼠或易卒中型高血压大鼠输注肾上腺素后血压也未受影响。肾上腺髓质切除术后1周，自发性高血压大鼠的血浆肾上腺素降低了89%，但血压未受影响。在年轻的易卒中型大鼠中，肾上腺髓质切除术后10周，静息血压略高于对照大鼠（分别为167±2 mmHg和157±2 mmHg），尽管血浆肾上腺素降低了34%，肾上腺中的肾上腺素降低了67%。急性输注硝普钠以降低血压并反射性升高血浆去甲肾上腺素。这两种反应均不受慢性肾上腺素输注或肾上腺髓质切除术的影响。在输注肾上腺素的Wistar Kyoto大鼠和肾上腺髓质切除的易卒中型大鼠中，自主神经阻滞使血压降低的程度与对照组相似，表明两种处理均未改变交感神经血管收缩的程度。（摘要截短于250字）
