Chimere-Dan O
Department of Sociology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
J Biosoc Sci. 1994 Jan;26(1):55-63. doi: 10.1017/s0021932000021052.
Results of a survey of some urban areas in the Pretoria-Witwatersrand-Vereenining region show differential impacts of proximate and socioeconomic factors on the fertility of urban blacks and whites. Timing of starting and ending of childbearing and the reproductive behaviour of women who have never been married account for the major differences in fertility levels. White women confine their childbearing career to the 20-39 age range, while black women utilise the entire 15-49 age range. The fertility level is quite high among black women who have never been married (in contrast to never married white women). With the exception of breast-feeding, racial patterns in other proximate determinants of fertility do not suggest the observed racial differentials in fertility.
对比勒陀利亚-约翰内斯堡-弗里尼欣地区一些城市区域的调查结果显示，直接因素和社会经济因素对城市黑人和白人的生育率有着不同影响。生育开始和结束的时间以及从未结婚女性的生育行为是生育率水平存在主要差异的原因。白人女性将生育期限制在20至39岁之间，而黑人女性则利用了整个15至49岁的年龄段。从未结婚的黑人女性生育率相当高（与从未结婚的白人女性形成对比）。除了母乳喂养外，生育率其他直接决定因素中的种族模式并未表明所观察到的生育率种族差异。
