Vibrotactile temporal masking: effects of multiple maskers.

Previous investigations of temporal masking effects in vibrotactile detection tasks have generally produced results suggesting considerable similarities in stimulus processing between the tactile system and the auditory system. Auditory presentation of combinations of maskers (e.g., two forward maskers) has yielded masking effects in excess of the level of masking predicted by a simple intensity sum of each masker's individual effect. This "additional masking" has led to predictions of compressive nonlinearities in auditory stimulus processing. In the present study, two experiments were conducted to investigate further temporal masking phenomena for the tactile system. In the first experiment vibrotactile temporal masking functions for single forward and backward maskers were generated to examine trade-offs among values of masker duration, masking intensity, and interstimulus interval to maintain constant detectability of a target. Results suggested that stimuli in very close temporal proximity to the target might follow somewhat different trading equations from those farther removed. Overall, results were consistent with previous findings of temporal integration in the tactile system, and support the notion of an energy integrating mechanism. In the second experiment, pairs of maskers were presented to determine whether additional masking effects occurred in vibrotactile detection. In contrast to findings for auditory presentation, in which all masker configurations generated additional masking, the tactile results showed substantial amounts of additional masking only for pairs of backward maskers. Several possible explanations for this results are evaluated, and results are discussed in terms of similarities and dissimilarities in auditory and tactile temporal processing.