Freda M C
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.
J Obstet Gynecol Neonatal Nurs. 1994 Feb;23(2):144-52. doi: 10.1111/j.1552-6909.1994.tb01864.x.
Of the many social trends that will have an impact on the ethical debates surrounding women's health in the 21st century, three are discussed: the shifting demographics of age and race in the United States; the fundamental change in the health care system to a community-based, preventive model; and the equal voice of women in the government. Using these trends as a framework, this article hypothesizes the ethical debates that will occur in the 21st century concerning such issues as fetal viability, abortion, contraception, infertility, genetic engineering, aggressive versus nonaggressive treatment of aging women, scarce resources, menopause, organ transplants, sexism in biomedical research, fertility in postmenopausal women, birthing centers, fetal surgery, and fetal therapy.
在众多将对21世纪围绕女性健康的伦理辩论产生影响的社会趋势中，本文讨论了其中三个趋势：美国年龄和种族人口结构的变化；医疗保健系统向以社区为基础的预防模式的根本性转变；以及女性在政府中拥有平等的话语权。本文以这些趋势为框架，对21世纪将出现的有关以下问题的伦理辩论进行了假设，这些问题包括胎儿生存能力、堕胎、避孕、不孕不育、基因工程、老年女性的积极治疗与非积极治疗、资源稀缺、更年期、器官移植、生物医学研究中的性别歧视、绝经后女性的生育能力、分娩中心、胎儿手术和胎儿治疗。
