Novel Asp32-replacement tetrapeptide analogues as potent and selective CCK-A agonists.

A series of novel CCK tetrapeptide analogues of the general formula Boc-Trp-Lys(Tac)-N(R)-(CH2)nCON(R')Phe-NH2 (Tac = o-tolylaminocarbonyl), where R,R' = H or Me and n = 1-5, have been synthesized and tested. These analogues, which lack an acidic residue at the penultimate position, demonstrated surprisingly high CCK-A receptor affinity and selectivity. The effect of N-methylation pattern on CCK-A receptor affinity showed consistent trends for analogues in which n = 1, 2, or 3, with the di-N-methylated analogues having the highest affinity in each case. However, none of these analogues had full agonist activity, as measured by percent maximal PI hydrolysis. Two conformationally constrained analogues also demonstrated high CCK-A receptor affinity and selectivity, as well as nearly maximal agonist activity. In addition, one of these conformationally-constrained analogues demonstrated anorectic activity in rats.