Brown L S, Phillips R Y, Brown C L, Knowlan D, Castle L, Moyer J
Department of Medicine, Harlem Hospital/College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1994 Apr;26(4):403-7.
With the assistance of highly respected experts in the field of HIV/AIDS, the NFL has developed a comprehensive policy that should decrease the spread of HIV and any other blood-borne pathogens among its players and medical staff. Transmission of HIV infection is likely to be rare in the NFL. This is supported by the fact that in over 10 yr of the AIDS epidemic, the CDC has not attributed one AIDS case to athletic competition. Whatever the rate of HIV infection, on-the-field transmission is certainly less frequent than hepatitis B, which is manyfold more transmissible than HIV. Based on these facts, a player with HIV infection poses virtually no threat to others or himself by further athletic participation in the NFL. In addition, the relatively short average playing career of an NFL player and the extended period between HIV contraction and development of AIDS symptoms decrease the prospect that a player's HIV-positive status would affect his athletic performance. Consequently, HIV testing should remain voluntary, and continued participation in the NFL of HIV-infected players should remain a private decision between the player and his physician.
在艾滋病领域备受尊敬的专家的协助下，美国国家橄榄球联盟（NFL）制定了一项全面政策，该政策应能减少艾滋病病毒（HIV）及其他任何血源性病原体在其球员和医务人员中的传播。在NFL中，HIV感染的传播可能很少见。这一事实得到了支持，即在艾滋病流行的10多年里，美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）并未将任何一例艾滋病病例归因于体育比赛。无论HIV感染率如何，赛场传播肯定比乙型肝炎少，而乙型肝炎的传染性比HIV高很多倍。基于这些事实，感染HIV的球员继续参加NFL比赛对他人或其自身几乎不构成威胁。此外，NFL球员的平均职业生涯相对较短，且从感染HIV到出现艾滋病症状的时间间隔较长，这降低了球员的HIV阳性状态会影响其运动表现的可能性。因此，HIV检测应保持自愿，感染HIV的球员继续参加NFL比赛应仍然是球员与其医生之间的个人决定。
