Miller R F, Foley N M, Kessel D, Jeffrey A A
Department of Medicine, University College London Medical School.
Thorax. 1994 Apr;49(4):367-8. doi: 10.1136/thx.49.4.367.
Community acquired bacterial pneumonia is increasingly encountered in HIV infected individuals and some patients have a radiographic lobar pneumonia.
A retrospective review of clinical features, microbiological diagnosis, and outcome of community acquired lobar pneumonia was carried out in HIV positive patients admitted to a specialist unit from 1987 to 1993.
Forty nine episodes occurred in 45 patients, all of whom were men. CD4 counts ranged widely. A bacteriological diagnosis was made in 25 episodes (51%), seven patients had more than one infective cause. The commonest pathogens were Streptococcus pneumoniae (11 episodes), Staphylococcus aureus (six), Pneumocystis carinii (three), Haemophilus influenzae (three), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (two). Four patients died. Other complications included intrapulmonary cavitation or abscess formation (11 episodes), empyema (three), and pleural effusion (10 episodes).
Many different infections cause community acquired lobar pneumonia in HIV positive men. Some patients have co-infections and there is a high complication rate.
在感染HIV的个体中，社区获得性细菌性肺炎越来越常见，一些患者表现为影像学上的大叶性肺炎。
对1987年至1993年入住某专科病房的HIV阳性患者社区获得性大叶性肺炎的临床特征、微生物学诊断及转归进行回顾性研究。
45例患者共发生49次发作，均为男性。CD4细胞计数范围广泛。25次发作（51%）做出了细菌学诊断，7例患者有不止一种感染原因。最常见的病原体是肺炎链球菌（11次发作）、金黄色葡萄球菌（6次）、卡氏肺孢子虫（3次）、流感嗜血杆菌（3次）和铜绿假单胞菌（2次）。4例患者死亡。其他并发症包括肺内空洞形成或脓肿形成（11次发作）、脓胸（3次）和胸腔积液（10次发作）。
多种不同感染可导致HIV阳性男性发生社区获得性大叶性肺炎。一些患者存在合并感染，且并发症发生率高。
