Wilcox L D, De Rose G, Cooke D
Cancer. 1976 Jul;38(1):62-72. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(197607)38:1<62::aid-cncr2820380113>3.0.co;2-5.
The irradiation of the exteriorized spleen of the dog, with the animal lead-shielded, produced constant changes in the white blood cells. The time of recovery from the irradiation effect was determined. The normal canine spleen could handle live pneumococci injected into the splenic artery, as proven by sterile cultures of splenic vein samples. The size of the bolus used was determined by repeated trials and proved to be one billion pneumococci per pound of body weight. The capacity of the irradiated spleen to handle this number of pneumococci was impaired. It was found that whole body irradiation, nitrogen mustard, thio-tepa, cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil, vinblastine, and azothioprine all impaired this capacity of the spleen. The dose of the chemotherapeutic agent was the same in milligrams per kilogram as that used in the cancer clinic. A method for determining the recovery time following the use of one or more agents was developed with the repeated use of the spleen model. By extending the methods used with the spleen it was found that similar use could be made, usually without surgery, of the liver, gut, and lungs (and probably the kidney and brain).
在对狗进行铅屏蔽的情况下，对其外露的脾脏进行照射，会使白细胞产生持续变化。确定了从辐射效应中恢复的时间。正常犬脾能够处理注入脾动脉的活肺炎球菌，脾静脉样本的无菌培养证明了这一点。所用菌团的大小通过反复试验确定，结果证明为每磅体重十亿个肺炎球菌。受照射脾脏处理这一数量肺炎球菌的能力受损。研究发现，全身照射、氮芥、硫替派、环磷酰胺、甲氨蝶呤、5-氟尿嘧啶、长春碱和硫唑嘌呤都会损害脾脏的这种能力。化疗药物的剂量以每千克毫克数计，与癌症诊所使用的剂量相同。通过反复使用脾脏模型，开发出一种确定使用一种或多种药物后恢复时间的方法。通过扩展在脾脏上使用的方法发现，肝脏、肠道和肺部（可能还有肾脏和大脑）通常无需手术也可进行类似应用。
