Weisbrod B A
Int J Health Serv. 1975;5(4):643-61. doi: 10.2190/KVHP-37N5-F6CD-RL6A.
This paper surveys the types of issues with which health economists have been concerned. It is intended to introduce noneconomists to the kinds of questions that economists have regarded as important. Economists' work in the health economics area may be usefully divided into "positive" and "normative" studies. Positive studies are those designed to describe, or make predictions about, how the health care system, or parts of it, actually operate. Conversely, normative studies are intended to provide statements as to how the health care system should operate. The major areas surveyed include the concept and estimation of the "production function" for health, the distinction between private and social costs, determinants of prices of medical inputs, and benefit-cost analysis.
本文概述了卫生经济学家一直关注的各类问题。其目的是向非经济学家介绍经济学家认为重要的各种问题。经济学家在卫生经济学领域的工作可有益地分为“实证”研究和“规范”研究。实证研究旨在描述或预测医疗保健系统或其部分实际如何运作。相反，规范研究旨在就医疗保健系统应如何运作提供陈述。所概述的主要领域包括健康“生产函数”的概念和估计、私人成本与社会成本的区别、医疗投入价格的决定因素以及效益成本分析。
