Botte M C, Mönikheim S
Laboratory of Experimental Psychology, CNRS U.R.A. 316, Paris, France.
J Acoust Soc Am. 1994 May;95(5 Pt 1):2598-605. doi: 10.1121/1.409830.
Three experiments studied the short-term effects of moderate- and high-level tone exposures on threshold and loudness. Experiment 1 measured temporary threshold and loudness shifts (TTS and TLS) due to a 1000-Hz exposure at a moderate level (65 dB SPL) as a function of exposure duration. Whereas there was no significant TTS, TLS was as high as 11 dB and recovered rapidly. TLS was significantly larger for the highest test levels. TTS and TLS were practically independent of exposure duration. Experiment 2 measured TTS and TLS as a function of test frequency following exposures to 500-, 1000-, or 3000-Hz tones at 65 dB SPL. The frequency patterns of TLS were established at test levels of 20-60 phons. TLS and TTS had similar frequency patterns with a maximum at the exposure frequency, but TLS patterns were higher and more extended than those of TTS. In experiment 3, subjects were exposed to a 1000-Hz tone at a high level (90 dB SPL). Frequency patterns for TTS or TLS at a 60-dB test level were measured repeatedly during 5 1/2 min after the end of exposure. Two short-term effects were observed immediately after the exposure: (1) a slight TTS (4.5 dB) at the exposure frequency which disappeared 2 to 3 min later; and (2) a large TLS (9 dB) which extended over the whole range of test frequencies, recovered rapidly, and had disappeared by 330 s after exposure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
三项实验研究了中高水平纯音暴露对阈值和响度的短期影响。实验1测量了在中等强度（65 dB声压级）下1000赫兹纯音暴露引起的暂时阈值和响度变化（TTS和TLS），作为暴露持续时间的函数。虽然没有显著的TTS，但TLS高达11分贝且恢复迅速。在最高测试水平下，TLS显著更大。TTS和TLS实际上与暴露持续时间无关。实验2测量了在65 dB声压级下暴露于500、1000或3000赫兹纯音后，TTS和TLS作为测试频率的函数。在20至60方的测试水平下建立了TLS的频率模式。TLS和TTS具有相似的频率模式，在暴露频率处达到最大值，但TLS模式比TTS模式更高且更广泛。在实验3中，受试者暴露于高强度（90 dB声压级）的1000赫兹纯音。在暴露结束后的5分半钟内，重复测量60 dB测试水平下TTS或TLS的频率模式。暴露后立即观察到两种短期效应：（1）在暴露频率处有轻微的TTS（4.5分贝），在2至3分钟后消失；（2）有较大的TLS（9分贝），扩展到整个测试频率范围，恢复迅速，在暴露后330秒时消失。（摘要截选至250字）
