Pfeifer P B, Collins E G
Nursing Service, Department of Veteran Affairs, Edward Hines, Jr. Hospital Hines, Illinois.
J Cardiovasc Nurs. 1994 Apr;8(3):68-86. doi: 10.1097/00005082-199404000-00006.
As the survival rates for cardiac transplant patients improve, the long-term complications of the procedure are becoming apparent. One such complication is a rapidly progressing form of coronary artery disease known as cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV). CAV is a major limiting factor in long-term graft survival. It is thought to develop immediately after transplantation, although initially it may be unrecognized because of a lack of sensitive screening techniques. It is estimated that 12% of cardiac transplant recipients will develop CAV each year after transplantation. Most researchers agree that CAV is primarily an immune-related response to transplantation. However, other factors such as hyperlipidemia and obesity have also been implicated as predictors of CAV. This article explores the pathophysiology, risk factors, detection, and treatment of CAV in the cardiac transplant population.
随着心脏移植患者生存率的提高，该手术的长期并发症日益明显。其中一种并发症是一种进展迅速的冠状动脉疾病，称为心脏移植血管病变（CAV）。CAV是长期移植物存活的主要限制因素。虽然由于缺乏敏感的筛查技术，最初可能未被识别，但人们认为它在移植后立即发生。据估计，12%的心脏移植受者在移植后每年会发生CAV。大多数研究人员认为，CAV主要是对移植的免疫相关反应。然而，其他因素如高脂血症和肥胖也被认为是CAV的预测因素。本文探讨了心脏移植人群中CAV的病理生理学、危险因素、检测和治疗。
