Ohara I, Tabuchi R, Kimura M, Itokawa Y
Laboratory of Nutrition, Faculty of Home Economics, Kobe Women's University, Japan.
J Nutr. 1994 Jun;124(6):901-5. doi: 10.1093/jn/124.6.901.
The influence of dietary protein levels on the preference for sodium chloride was studied in juvenile rats fed diets containing 0, 25 or 50 g purified egg protein/kg and 20.0 mg zinc/kg diet. Preference tests between aqueous solution of NaCl (2-51 mmol/L) or deionized water were conducted. Blood samples were collected for measuring the serum zinc concentration. Scanning electron microscopy was performed to observe the rats' tongue epithelia. Only the rats fed 50 g purified egg protein/kg diet preferred the lowest concentration of 2 mmol/L NaCl solution to deionized water, whereas the rats fed protein-free diet did not discriminate diluted NaCl solution until the concentration was 9 mmol/L. The filiform papillae of the protein-free diet fed group showed significantly less development than the 25 g purified egg protein/kg and the 50 g purified egg protein/kg diet-fed groups. The more protein the diets contained, the higher was the serum concentration of zinc. Significant correlations were observed between protein intake and discriminated NaCl concentration (r = -0.93, P < 0.001), serum zinc (r = 0.90, P < 0.001) or length of filiform papillae (r = 0.93, P < 0.001). The present study suggests that taste preference is impaired by protein malnutrition and this may be related to zinc status.
在以含0、25或50克纯化蛋清蛋白/千克及20.0毫克锌/千克饲料喂养的幼鼠中，研究了膳食蛋白质水平对氯化钠偏好的影响。进行了氯化钠（2 - 51毫摩尔/升）水溶液或去离子水之间的偏好测试。采集血样以测定血清锌浓度。进行扫描电子显微镜检查以观察大鼠的舌上皮。仅喂食50克纯化蛋清蛋白/千克饲料的大鼠比起去离子水更喜欢最低浓度为2毫摩尔/升的氯化钠溶液，而喂食无蛋白饲料的大鼠直到浓度达到9毫摩尔/升时才对稀释的氯化钠溶液有所区分。喂食无蛋白饲料组的丝状乳头发育明显不如喂食25克纯化蛋清蛋白/千克和50克纯化蛋清蛋白/千克饲料的组。饲料中蛋白质含量越高，血清锌浓度越高。在蛋白质摄入量与区分出的氯化钠浓度（r = -0.93，P < 0.001）、血清锌（r = 0.90，P < 0.001）或丝状乳头长度（r = 0.93，P < 0.001）之间观察到显著相关性。本研究表明蛋白质营养不良会损害味觉偏好，这可能与锌状态有关。
