Cook P R, Bryant J L, Davis W E, Benke T T, Rapoport A S
Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia 65212.
Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1994 Jun;110(6):487-93. doi: 10.1177/019459989411000603.
Anaphylaxis may be defined as a systemic, immunoglobulin E-mediated (Gell-Coombs type I) hypersensitivity reaction triggered by exposure to an antigen in a previously sensitized patient. Anaphylaxis may occur in a variety of circumstances; however, when it occurs as the result of immunotherapy, it is of great concern to the practicing allergist. When describing or reporting anaphylaxis relating to immunotherapy, most allergists speak in terms of the types of reactions, local vs. systemic. Germane to this discussion is the use of the term systemic reaction, which can mean anything from mild allergy symptoms resulting from an allergy injection to bradycardia and hypotension (shock). In this article we report serious or significant systemic reactions, which are characterized by any of the following symptoms: urticaria, sneezing or nasal obstruction, throat tightness or congestion, wheezing, and shock (bradycardia or hypotension). There were no fatalities reported from the survey group. The overall reaction rate was 0.3%.
过敏反应可定义为在先前已致敏的患者中，因接触抗原而引发的全身性、免疫球蛋白E介导（盖尔-库姆斯I型）的超敏反应。过敏反应可能在多种情况下发生；然而，当它作为免疫治疗的结果出现时，这引起了执业过敏症专科医生的极大关注。在描述或报告与免疫治疗相关的过敏反应时，大多数过敏症专科医生会从反应类型（局部与全身）的角度进行阐述。与此讨论相关的是“全身反应”这一术语的使用，它可以指从过敏注射引起的轻微过敏症状到心动过缓和低血压（休克）的任何情况。在本文中，我们报告严重或显著的全身反应，其特征为以下任何症状：荨麻疹、打喷嚏或鼻塞、喉咙发紧或充血、喘息和休克（心动过缓或低血压）。调查小组未报告死亡病例。总体反应率为0.3%。
