Recently, a new generation of monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors has been developed which selectively and reversibly inhibit MAO-A activity. 2. One of these compounds, called brofaromine, has been administered in subjects suffering from endogenous depression, revealing antidepressive efficacy in a majority of them without inducing serious adverse events. 3. The results obtained so far suggest that brofaromine might be effective in endogenous depressed patients who failed to respond to tricyclic antidepressants.