López-Karpovitchs X, Larrea F, Cárdenas R, Valencia X, Piedras J, Díaz-Sánchez V, Alarcón-Segovia D
Department of Hematology, Instituto Nacional de la Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, México, D.F.
Rev Invest Clin. 1993 May-Jun;45(3):247-53.
There has been increasing evidence on the mechanisms underlying the interactions between the neuroendocrine and the immune systems, particularly in animal models with relatively few information in the human. In this study, we evaluate the cellular and humoral immunity in female patients with hypopituitarism and in normal women throughout the menstrual cycle in an attempt to determine the role of pituitary and gonadal hormones on the immune system.
Serum immunoglobulins, peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets, and serum hormones were measured in eight patients with postpartum pituitary necrosis (Sheehan's syndrome) and in six normal women along different phases of the menstrual cycle, taking advantage of the lack of pituitary function and the cyclic variations in serum hormones, respectively.
Patients with Sheehan's syndrome had higher T lymphocytes (CD2), including helper (CD4) and suppressor (CD8) cell subpopulations and B lymphocytes (CD19) when compared with normal menstruating women. An increase of serum IgA concentrations was also observed. Normal women showed little non-statistically different changes along the menstrual cycle in peripheral blood cell parameters and in serum immunoglobulin levels.
a) Hypopituitarism in humans, in contrast with the animal model, may associate with immune up-regulation at both cellular and humoral levels; and b) hormonal changes along the normal menstrual cycle probably do not influence in great extent the immune system.
越来越多的证据表明神经内分泌系统与免疫系统相互作用的机制，尤其是在人类相关信息相对较少的动物模型中。在本研究中，我们评估了垂体功能减退女性患者和正常女性在整个月经周期中的细胞免疫和体液免疫，试图确定垂体和性腺激素对免疫系统的作用。
分别利用产后垂体坏死（希恩综合征）患者缺乏垂体功能以及正常女性血清激素的周期性变化，对8例产后垂体坏死患者（希恩综合征）和6例正常女性在月经周期的不同阶段测量血清免疫球蛋白、外周血淋巴细胞亚群和血清激素。
与正常月经女性相比，希恩综合征患者的T淋巴细胞（CD2），包括辅助性（CD4）和抑制性（CD8）细胞亚群以及B淋巴细胞（CD19）水平更高。还观察到血清IgA浓度升高。正常女性外周血细胞参数和血清免疫球蛋白水平在月经周期中变化不大，无统计学差异。
a）与动物模型不同，人类垂体功能减退可能在细胞和体液水平上与免疫上调有关；b）正常月经周期中的激素变化可能在很大程度上不会影响免疫系统。
