The Enterobacteriaceae of South African baboons.

The results of routine rectal swab examinations, carried out on 776 baboons on the day of arrival at the colony and also on 394 animals which subsequently developed diarrhoea, are described. A dramatic increase was observed in the incidence of both pathogenic and non-pathogenic organisms during the diarrhoeic phase. The significance of bacterial species which are not pathogenic under normal circumstances as the possible cause of disease in animals subjected to stress is discussed.