Loescher A R, al-Emran S, Sullivan P G, Robinson P P
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Sheffield, U.K.
Arch Oral Biol. 1993 Aug;38(8):663-9. doi: 10.1016/0003-9969(93)90005-7.
The characteristics of these mechanoreceptors were investigated after orthodontic forces had been applied for either 3 days or 12 weeks, and also 8 weeks after the tooth had been moved into a new position and the tissues allowed to recover. Electrophysiological recordings were made from single mechanosensitive units dissected from the inferior alveolar nerve and each was characterized by applying forces to the tooth crown. The characteristics were compared with those of receptors innervating normal teeth. Three days after the onset of tooth movement, the periodontal mechanoreceptors had higher thresholds to forces applied at slow rates and lower discharge frequencies. Twelve weeks after the onset of tooth movement, the mechanoreceptors again had higher force thresholds and lower discharge frequencies but also responded to applied forces over a narrower range of directions and adapted more rapidly than the controls. After the tooth had been moved into a new position and the tissues allowed to recover, the mechanoreceptor characteristics were nearer to normal but they still had raised thresholds to forces applied at slow rates, lower discharge frequencies, and responded to applied forces over a narrower range of directions. It seems likely that the altered receptor characteristics would have resulted from a combination of disorganization of the collagen matrix and direct injury to the nerve terminals.
在施加正畸力3天或12周后，以及在牙齿移动到新位置且组织恢复8周后，对这些机械感受器的特性进行了研究。从下颌神经中分离出单个机械敏感单元进行电生理记录，并通过对牙冠施加力来对每个单元进行特性描述。将这些特性与支配正常牙齿的感受器的特性进行比较。牙齿移动开始3天后，牙周机械感受器对缓慢施加的力具有更高的阈值和更低的放电频率。牙齿移动开始12周后，机械感受器再次具有更高的力阈值和更低的放电频率，但对施加力的反应方向范围更窄，且比对照组更快适应。在牙齿移动到新位置且组织恢复后，机械感受器的特性更接近正常，但它们对缓慢施加的力仍具有升高的阈值、更低的放电频率，并且对施加力的反应方向范围更窄。改变的感受器特性似乎可能是胶原基质紊乱和神经末梢直接损伤共同作用的结果。
