Maas D H, Schneider J
Fortschr Med. 1976 May 6;94(13):735-40.
In consequence of feto-maternal disagreement within the rhesus-system the antibody production by the mother's immunogenic system can be initiated. Those rhesus-antibodies penetrate through the placental barrier and -- due to a massive heamolysis of the fetal erythrocytes -- they cause the principal symptoms such as anaemia, jaundice of the new born and hydrops congenitus universalis. Consequently adhered to screening examinations during pregnancy along with routine examinations of blood-group and antibody-titers help to determine a predisposition to as well as manifest incompatibilities. If antibody levels are suspiciously high, amniocentesis must be performed repeatedly. A possible severe damage to the child can be prevented by intrauterine blood-transfusion and by induced termination of labour or termination of pregnancy before date. The rhesus-injured newborn must be transferred immediately to an intensive-care-unit. In case of pronounced augmentation of the bilirubin-titer photo-therapy should be tried along with one or more blood-exchange transfusions. The formation of rhesus-antibodies can be prevented by prophylaxis with immunoglobulin-G-anti-D. The principle of this method is the suppression of maternal immune-response by application of 250-300 mug anti-D to the rhesus-negative mother after the birth of a rhesus-positive child.
由于恒河猴系统中母胎血型不合，母亲的免疫原性系统可能会启动抗体产生。这些恒河猴抗体穿透胎盘屏障，并且由于胎儿红细胞的大量溶血，会导致主要症状，如贫血、新生儿黄疸和全身性先天性水肿。因此，孕期的筛查检查以及血型和抗体滴度的常规检查有助于确定易感性以及明显的血型不合。如果抗体水平可疑升高，必须反复进行羊膜穿刺术。通过宫内输血以及引产或提前终止妊娠，可以预防对胎儿可能造成的严重损害。恒河猴血型受损的新生儿必须立即转入重症监护病房。如果胆红素水平明显升高，应尝试进行光疗以及一次或多次换血输血。通过使用免疫球蛋白G抗D进行预防，可以防止恒河猴抗体的形成。该方法的原理是在恒河猴阳性胎儿出生后，给恒河猴阴性母亲注射250 - 300微克抗D，以抑制母体免疫反应。
