Sullivan M, Karlsson J, Sjöström L, Backman L, Bengtsson C, Bouchard C, Dahlgren S, Jonsson E, Larsson B, Lindstedt S
Health Care Research Unit, Sahlgrenska Hospital, University of Göteborg, Sweden.
Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1993 Sep;17(9):503-12.
This part of an on-going intervention trial analyses impacts of obesity on psychosocial factors and health. The study sample comprised 800 obese men (BMI > or = 34 kg/m2) and 943 women (BMI > or = 38 kg/m2) ranging in age from 37 to 57 years. All participants completed standardized health-related quality of life measures, a validated obesity-specific eating inventory and study-specific questionnaires on current and past health status, use of medical care and medications, socioeconomic status, dietary habits, physical activity habits, weight history and familial history of obesity. Chronic patients and population samples were used as reference. The obese reported distinctly poorer current health and less positive mood states than the reference subjects, women being worse than men. Anxiety and/or depression on a level indicating psychiatric morbidity were more often seen in the obese and again women reported more affliction than men. Furthermore, the average poor mental well-being was worst than in chronically ill or injured patients, such as rheumatoid, cancer survivors and spinal cord injured persons. Predictors of perceived health and psychosocial functioning could be discerned using a comprehensive system of statistical analyses (16-28% explained variance). A background of both somatic and psychiatric morbidity was decisive for the health and psychosocial functioning in the obese; joint symptoms and angina pectoris dominated among somatic variables. Physical inactivity was the most prominent of traditional risk factors. The number of dieting attempts and body image were important weight correlates. Our results provide further evidence to the effect that severe obesity is a crippling condition.
这项正在进行的干预试验的这部分内容分析了肥胖对心理社会因素和健康的影响。研究样本包括800名肥胖男性（BMI≥34kg/m²）和943名肥胖女性（BMI≥38kg/m²），年龄在37岁至57岁之间。所有参与者都完成了标准化的健康相关生活质量测量、一份经过验证的肥胖特异性饮食量表以及关于当前和过去健康状况、医疗护理和药物使用、社会经济状况、饮食习惯、身体活动习惯、体重史和肥胖家族史的特定研究问卷。慢性病患者和人群样本用作对照。与对照对象相比，肥胖者报告的当前健康状况明显较差，情绪状态也不那么积极，女性比男性更差。肥胖者中更常出现表明有精神疾病的焦虑和/或抑郁，而且女性报告的痛苦比男性更多。此外，肥胖者的平均心理健康状况比类风湿性关节炎患者、癌症幸存者和脊髓损伤患者等慢性病患者或受伤患者还要差。使用综合统计分析系统可以识别出感知健康和心理社会功能的预测因素（解释方差为16%-28%）。躯体疾病和精神疾病背景对肥胖者的健康和心理社会功能起决定性作用；躯体变量中关节症状和心绞痛最为突出。缺乏身体活动是最主要的传统风险因素。节食尝试次数和身体形象是与体重密切相关的因素。我们的结果进一步证明，严重肥胖是一种致残性疾病。
